I'd say that if umpires are consistently making the same wrong calls with the same catchers, year after year, then you have to say it's due to something the catchers are doing. Framing is an obvious guess, and I don't know a better one. As for how many runs a catcher saves or costs a team with those calls, that's really not that difficult to calculate. The data is out there on run-scoring probabilities with a given count in a given situation. So if an umpire's call makes the count 3-1 instead of 2-2 with a runner on second and one out, there's a real, measurable difference in the number of runs that are likely to score. And those things add up. Obviously there's a lot of randomness involved, and we're talking about probabilities, not actual results. But it seems very plausible to me that a catcher could save his team a lot of runs over a year just by how he catches the ball. Fifty? Sure, why not? And I don't know what umpires are supposed to do about it. They make their calls based on whether a pitch looks like a ball or a strike, and they get fooled sometimes. There's no way around that. They know that catchers are working a kind of sleight of hand with them, but they can't just make a mental correction and say to themselves, "That looked like a strike, but Grandal's really good at framing, so it probably wasn't." They have to go on what they actually see, whether or not it's what actually happened.